USE OF VARIOUS SURVEYING TECHNOLOGIES TO 3D DIGITAL MAPPING AND MODELLING OF CULTURAL HERITAGE STRUCTURES FOR MAINTENANCE AND RESTORATION PURPOSES: THE THOLOS IN DELPHI, GREECE

Abstract

This work was developed to train graduate students as part of the Delphi4Delphi project dealing with the

digital reconstruction of the archaeological site of Delphi. In this part of the project, various technologies

were used for 3-d digital mapping cultural heritage structures for maintenance and restoration purposes.

The use of various surveying technologies such as UAS, Total station, digital camera, Lidar scanner and GPS

to map in 3d the remaining of the monument Tholos and the surrounding area in Delphi Greece and based

on such mapping to restore the entire structure is covered in detail. The remains of such monuments are a

few columns standing up joined with original elements on top. In this part of the project GPS was used to

establish the reference system, total station was used to measure a number of control points for UAS, close

range photogrammetry and Lidar scanner, UAS was used to map precisely the surrounding area together

with the structure, close range photogrammetry and Lidar scanner were used to map the vertical surfaces of

the structure. Processing of above data from all surveying technologies created enough point cloud to map

precisely the remains of the structure and expand their architectural design to precisely restore the entire

Tholos monument. Also all digital data are used by software for the construction of 3D terrain and 3D

models which when inserted into Game Engines software aim at the creation of educational scenarios.